gates



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. B. GATES.

. GHURN. No. 249,750. Patented Nov. 22,1881.

(No Model.)

H. B. GATES.

GHURN. No. 249,750. Patented NOV. 22,1881.

4 Ill/l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

wire rates Paraivr tries.

HARTLEY B. GATES, OF STANSTEAD, QUEBEC, CANADA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,750, dated November 22, 1881.-

' Application filed April 27, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom at may concern:

Be it known that I, HARTLEY B. GATES, a citizen of Canada, residing at Stanstead, in the county of Stanstead and Province of Quebec, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in churns, the object of which is to give the dasher a simultaneous rotary and reciprocating mo tion; to permit either rotary or reciprocating motion, when desired; to supply air to theinterior of churn; to provide for thorough ventilation thereof and the regulation of same; to provide air-pressure to the interior of churn; to regulate the temperature of the churn contents; and to permit the partial or entire removal of the churn-lid and the dasher,with its operating parts, from the churn frame, by which the churn can be tipped and the butter easily removed therefrom.

In the annexed drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a longitudinal vertical view of my improved churn. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, showin g the dasher removed from the churn and the dasher-operating mechanism suspended in the churn-frame in the manner described hereinafter. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a plan view thereof. Fig. 4 is an inverted plan view, taken on the line 00 m of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the churn lid, its ventilating nozzles, and airpump. Fig. 6 is a detail vertical section of one of the ventilating-nozzles, with its cup; and Fig. 7 is an inverted plan view of the disk of the dasher.

Corresponding parts in the several figures are indicated by similar letters of reference.

Referring to the drawings, A marks a suitable base supporting two standards, B B, facing each other, and having their upper ends connected to a top piece, 0, the whole forming a frame to support the churn and itsoperating parts. The standards B B are each provided on their inner sides with a groove to receive the sliding blocks D, working therein.

These blocks are divided into an upper and lower section, as shown.

The churn-body E is supported between the lower section of the slide-blocks D, on pivotal bearings c, by which it has a swinging or rotary motion in a vertical plane to permit easy access to the interior of the churn-body and the ready removal of butter, 850., therefrom. Ametal strap may be passed from one bearing, around and under the churn-body, to the other bearing to strengthen the parts. The lower ends of the upper section of the slide-blocks D are fastened to the lid F of the churn, and the upper ends firmly secured in the head G, as shown.

Journaled in the head Gr and the bracket g, the latter secured to the under side of said head, is a bevel-pinion, g, which meshes with the bevel-gear wheel H, attached to the shaft h, working in the sleeve h, which rests in a slot in one of the pieces of the upper section of the slide-blocks D. A crank, 7L2, is connected to the end of the shaft h, as shown. The upper end of the hub of bevel-pinion g is provided with two annular grooves, 9 into either of which engages the latch 9 pivoted to the head G. When the latch engages with the upper groove the bevel-pinion meshes with the bevel-gear wheel 5 but when it is desired to throw said gears out of contact the bevelpinion is raised and the latch is made to engage with the lower groove. If desired, the latch may be firmly held into the grooves by means of a pin inserted in the head immediately back of said latch, or in any other suitable manner.

I marks the dasher shaft, which passes through the lid F of the churn and, havingits upper part squared, enters the interiorly squared hub of the bevel-pinion g. By this construction the dasher-shaft will be revolved, upon turning the crank h through the medium of the bevel-gears.

Held on. a wrist-pin secured to the bevelgear wheel H is a pitman, J, the lower end of which connects with a second wrist-pin, j, attached to the block j. This block is secured to the dasher-shat't, in an annular groove thereof, in such manner as to permit the revolution of said shaft while holding the block to it at a certain point. The block j has an arm,

j extending laterally therefrom and partially fitting one of the pieces of the upper section, and thus acting as a brace to prevent the turning or twisting of the block when the parts are being operated. The wrist-pin jis provided with a screw-threaded portion and a shoulder, so that it may readily be screwed into the block up to the said shoulder to hold the pitman to the dasher-shaft, or be readily removed therefrom to disconnect the pitman from said dasher-shaft. It will now he seen that upon turning the crank ]L2 the dasher-shaft will be rotated by means of the bevel-gears, and while thus rotating it will also have a reciprocating vertical motion through the operation of the bevel-gear wheel H, pitman J, and block j; or by disconnecting the pitman from the block j in the manner set forth the dasher-shaft will have simply a rotary motion; or, further, the dasher-shaft will have merely a reciprocating vertical motion upon throwing the bevel-gears out of gear, as described. The upper section of the slide-blocks, carrying the dasher-shaft, lid, and operating mechanism, can be entirely removed from the frame by removing the thumb-screws K, which'pass through the standards and into the said upper section of slideblocks D, as shown, or the recited parts may be partially removed to enable the withdrawal of the dasher from the churn, and the parts he held in a suspended position by passing the thumb-screws through the standards and into the upper section of the slide'blocks D, as shown in Fig.2. \Vhen the operative parts are in this position the churn can be swung on its pivotal hearings to remove the butter, &c. After having removed the dasher, with its operating parts, from the frame the churn-body can then be removed.

The standard B is slotted at b, to permit the removal of the shaft, withits sleeve, therefrom.

Removably attached to the wrist-pin j is a piston-rod, L, working in the air-pump M, secured to the lid F of the churn. The air-pump, its valves, and piston are of any ordinary construction which may be suitable in this connection. The piston-rod works in unison with the dasher-shaft when said dasher-shaft has a reciprocating motion. An orifice is made in the lid directly below the pump, that air may be forced into the churn. The lid is also pro- "ided with two screw-threaded ventilatingnozzles, N, each provided with an orifice, n,

pump and ventilators a more thorough and rapid separation of the butter-globules from the milk is accomplished.

The dasher P is composed of the disk 12, having the openings in the form of sectors, and provided with the long and short squared uprights 1) p presenting angles to the cream by which they have a cutting action. The lower end of the dasher-shaft may be squared and arranged in the same manner. The uprights are held to the dasher-shaft by the cross-bars 19 as shown. The uprights are made of different lengths to cause unequal currents in the cream, by which the separation of the butter from the milk will be facilitated.

The churn-body is provided with a false or second bottom, between which and the bottom proper is formed a sub-chamber, q, to receive hot or cold water to regulate the temperature of the cream so as to produce the best results. This sub-chamber is provided with an induction-orifice having a funnel secured therein, that water may readily be passed into said chamber, and is further provided with a waterexit, as shown. The churn-bod y proper has an exit, 6, to allow the escape of buttermilk after the churning is completed.

The complete operation of my churn is as follows: Assuming the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 2, the cream having been poured into the churn, and hot or cold water, as required, into the sub-chamber, the thumbscrews are removed from the upper section of the slide-blocks to permit them to slide in the grooves and rest on the lower section, when the churn will be closed by the lid. The thumbscrews are then tightened and hold the operative parts firmly in the frame when the crank is turned, giving a simultaneous rotary and re ciprocatin g motion to the dasher, and also operate the pump in the manner stated. At the proper time-i. 0., when the butter-globules are thoroughly separated from the milk-the pitman is detached from the wrist-pin of the block, so that the dasher will have a rotary motion only at the bottom of the churn, when the butter will float in a mass above the buttermilk and the latter be drained off through the exit e of the churn. After proceeding thus far the thumb-screws are removed from the slide-blocks and the latter, carrying the lid and operating mechanism, is raised sufiicientl y to remove the dasher from the churn, and said parts are held in the raised position shown in Fig. 2 by the thumb-screws, when the churn can be tipped and the butter removed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The combination, with the gear-wheel, its pitman, and a dasher-shaft, having the block provided with the removable wrist-pin, of the air-pump, its piston-rod, and the bevel-gear pitman being connected to the block by the removable'wrist-pin, as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the bevel-gear, the

pinion having the interiorly-squared hub, the pitman, and the air-pump secured to the churnlid and arranged with relation to the interior of churn as described, of the desher-shaft having its upper portion squared and provided with the block, to which the piston-rod of the air-pump and the pitma-n are connected by the removable wrist pin, all as described and shown, and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the churn-frame, of the slide-blocks divided into the upper and lower sections, as described, and the thumbscrews, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the operating mechanism, as shown, and the lid, of the upper section of the slide-blocks, connected to said lid as described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the churn, its dasher-operating mechanism, and the churnlid, of the slide-blocks, dividedinto the upper and lower sections, said upper section connected to the churn-lid as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I etfix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HARTLEY B. GATES. 

